How is energy transferred in a circuit?

The energy is transferred by a fast switch to a load. The speed of transfer is limited by parasitic inductance or capacitance in the circuit. The voltage pulse waveform is determined by the configuration of the energy storage element and the nature of the load. The circuit produces a variation in time of the voltage.

What is the difference between a closing switch and a resistor?

In pulsed voltage circuits, a closing switch is an open circuit for times t < 0 and a short circuit for t > 0. An opening switch has the inverse properties. A resistor contains material that impedes the flow of electrons via collisions.

How is energy transferred from flowing electrons to a resistive material?

Energy is transferred from flowing electrons to the resistive material. With the polarity shown in Eq. 2.1, electrons flow to the bottom of the resistor. Each electron absorbs an energy eV 0 from the driving circuit during its transit through the resistor. This energy acts to accelerate the electrons between collisions.

How do LC circuits transition from a parallel to a series configuration?

Transition from a parallel to a series configuration is accomplished in the following way: half of the capacitors are connected to external switched circuits with a series inductance, and when the switches are triggered, each LC circuit begins a harmonic oscillation. After one-half cycle, the polarity on the switched capacitors is reversed.

How does a resistor convert electrical energy to thermal energy?

A resistor converts electrical energy to thermal. No stored electrical energy remains in a resistor in the absence of a voltage supply. Conversely, capacitors and inductors, known as reactive elements, store electrical energy in the form of electric and magnetic fields, respectively. No average energy dissipation exists in a reactive element.

What happens when electrical energy is transferred to a secondary energy?

When the primary stored electrical energy is transferred to a secondary stored energy through a switching device, the pulse width decreases and the power increases while maintaining the same energy. The third and fourth stored energies are used to obtain a shorter pulse width and a higher output power.