Can sodium sulfur battery be used in stationary energy storage?

Sodium sulfur battery is one of the most promising candidates for energy storage applications. This paper describes the basic features of sodium sulfur battery and summarizes the recent development of sodium sulfur battery and its applications in stationary energy storage.

Are rechargeable sodium–sulfur batteries a promising energy storage technology?

Rechargeable sodium–sulfur (Na–S) batteries are regarded as a promising energy storage technology due to their high energy density and low cost. High-temperature sodium–sulfur (HT Na–S) batteries with molten sodium and sulfur as cathode materials were proposed in 1966, and later successfully commercialised f

What is a sodium sulfur battery?

Sodium sulfur battery is one of the most promising candidates for energy storage applications developed since the 1980s . The battery is composed of sodium anode, sulfur cathode and beta-Al 2 O 3 ceramics as electrolyte and separator simultaneously.

What are the electrochemical properties of a sodium-sulfur battery?

The electrochemical properties of a high temperature (~ 300 °C) sodium-sulfur battery were reported by Kummer and Weber . At this high temperature β″-alumina ceramic electrolyte showed high sodium ion conductivity and therefore the Na-S battery could operate effectively.

How long does a sodium sulfur battery last?

The batteries produced have high cycle life, nearly 2500 cycles to fully depth of discharge . Sodium sulfur battery has been adopted in different applications, such as load leveling, emergency power supply and uninterrupted power supply .

What is the open circuit voltage of a sodium sulfur battery?

The open circuit voltage of the cell at 350 °C is 2.075 V. Sodium sulfur battery usually works at the temperature raging between 300 and 350 °C, at which sodium and sulfur as well as the reaction product polysulfide exist in liquid state, which affords high reactivity of the electrodes.