What needs to shift in energy systems?

Shifts are needed in the fuels that are used to power these systems (away from coal, oil and natural gas towards renewable electricity and green gases, such as hydrogen); in the technologies that make these systems run; and in the people who can install and manage them.

What will drive the expansion of smart energy grids?

The rollout of 5G and the reduction in costs of enabling technologies such as the internet of things, along with smart metering and the monitoring of urban energy consumption, will drive the expansion of smart energy grids.

How many households does the Incheon power plant serve?

In South Korea, a fuel cell power plant in Incheon is the first large-scale (78 megawatt [MW]) hydrogen power plant; it provides electricity to 250,000 households and heat to a further 44,000.

Should cities rely on the National Grid for energy?

Cities may have limited options depending on their location. However, cities that lack political power and rely solely on the national grid for power should focus on energy self-sufficiency and efficiency solutions.

How will smart energy grids change the world?

Smart energy grids will drive the expansion of smart energy grids by leveraging advancements in fuel cell and battery technologies, the adoption of EVs and solar power, and the rollout of 5G and reduced costs of enabling technologies like the internet of things and smart metering.

What role do cities play in the energy transition?

Cities are playing a vital role in the energy transition by developing, implementing, and overseeing energy policies. By 2050, about 70% of the world’s population will live in urban areas, up from 57% today. As global governments continue to shape the energy transition, cities are crucial in driving this change.