What is a levelised cost metric for hydrogen transport and storage technology?

We researched published data on hydrogen transport and storage technology costs with the aim to present a range of levelised cost estimates for different technology/form combinations. The intention of a levelised cost metric is to provide a simple cost comparison between different types of technologies.

How often should a tank/vessel be stored?

For tank/vessel storage, levelised costs are based on a cycle rate of once every three days (I.e. 120 days per year) for pressurised storage and once every week (I.e. 52 days per year) for liquid storage.

How many GW of prequalified battery energy storage systems are there?

Out of 6.9 GW of prequalified battery energy storage systems (BESS), equal to 1.9 GW derated capacity, about 1.8 GW of derated BESS secured 15-year contracts in the UK’s T-4 auction – nearly double last year’s volume. Just a week earlier, the T-1 auction also set a record for BESS procurement. From ESS News

Can liquid hydrogen be stored in a tank?

Already in use in the UK, technological readiness of tank storage for liquid hydrogen is high, although like CGH2 storage in tanks, this has not been demonstrated at a larger scale.

How much hydrogen can a composite storage vessel transport?

Recent advancements in composite storage vessel designs have increased the capacity to transport larger hydrogen payloads. Newer tube trailers fitted with composite cylinders (Type III/IV) can transport >1000 kg of hydrogen at 500 bar working pressure or higher.

Which publication presents the most detailed levelised costs of storage technologies?

Based on our literature review, the publication which presents the most detailed levelised costs of storage technologies is DNV’s 2019 report on Hydrogen in the Electricity Value Chain16. Figure 2 below presents the levelised costs of storage by some hydrogen form/technology combinations and separates out compression/conversion costs.