Why are trams with energy storage important?

Trams with energy storage are popular for their energy efficiency and reduced operational risk. An effective energy management strategy is optimized to enable a reasonable distribution of demand power among the storage elements, efficient use of energy as well as enhance the service life of the hybrid energy storage system (HESS).

How do energy trams work?

At present, new energy trams mostly use an on-board energy storage power supply method, and by using a single energy storage component such as batteries, or supercapacitors.

How much energy does a tram use?

The greater the distance between stations, the greater the demand energy. The first interval has the largest distance and maximum energy consumption. If the recovered braking energy is not included, the energy consumption is 7.012 kwh. Fig. 3. DC bus demand energy curve. The tram adopts the power supply mode of catenary free and on-board SESS.

What is a hybrid energy storage system in Guangzhou Haizhu Tram?

The optimal HESS has less mass, size, cost and minimum charging state than original one in Guangzhou Haizhu tram. A hybrid energy storage system (HESS) of tram composed of different energy storage elements (ESEs) is gradually being adopted, leveraging the advantages of each ESE.

What is a hybrid energy storage system?

A hybrid energy storage system (HESS) of tram composed of different energy storage elements (ESEs) is gradually being adopted, leveraging the advantages of each ESE. The optimal sizing of HESS with a reasonable combination of different ESEs has become an important issue in improving energy management efficiency.

What power supply mode does a tram use?

The tram adopts the power supply mode of catenary free and on-board SESS. The whole operation process is powered by a SESS. The SESS only supplements electric energy within 30s after entering each station. The power supply parameters of the on-board ESS are shown in Table 2. Table 2. Power supply parameters of on-board ESS.